Kuchulukana kwa Bentonite Slurry
1. Gulu ndi Magwiridwe a slurry
1.1 Gulu
Bentonite, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti bentonite thanthwe, ndi thanthwe ladongo lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba cha montmorillonite, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi zochepa za illite, kaolinite, zeolite, feldspar, calcite, etc. Pakati pawo, bentonite yochokera ku calcium ikhoza kugawidwa mu calcium-sodium-based and calcium-magnesium-based bentonites, nawonso.
1.2 Kuchita
1) Katundu Wakuthupi
Bentonite ndi yoyera komanso yowala chikasu mwachibadwa pamene ikuwonekeranso mu imvi yowala, yobiriwira yobiriwira, yofiira yofiira, yakuda, etc. Bentonite amasiyana ndi kuuma chifukwa cha thupi lawo.
2) Mapangidwe a Chemical
Zigawo zazikulu za mankhwala a bentonite ndi silicon dioxide (SiO2), aluminium oxide (Al2O3) ndi madzi (H2O). Zomwe zili mu iron oxide ndi magnesium oxide ndizokwera nthawi zina, ndipo calcium, sodium, potaziyamu nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mu bentonite muzinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zomwe zili mu Na2O ndi CaO mu bentonite zimapanga kusiyana kwa thupi ndi mankhwala, komanso ndondomeko zamakono.
3) Zinthu Zakuthupi & Zamankhwala
Bentonite imachita bwino kwambiri mu hygroscopicity yake, ndiko kukula pambuyo pa kuyamwa kwamadzi. Nambala yokulirapo yokhudzana ndi kuyamwa madzi imafika nthawi 30. Iwo akhoza omwazika m'madzi kupanga viscous, thixotropic, ndi mafuta colloidal kuyimitsidwa. Imasanduka yosalala komanso yomatira ikasakanizidwa ndi zinyalala zabwino monga madzi, slurry kapena mchenga. Imatha kuyamwa mpweya wosiyanasiyana, zamadzimadzi, ndi zinthu zakuthupi, ndipo mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya adsorption imatha kuwirikiza kasanu kulemera kwake. Pamwamba-yogwira asidi bleaching lapansi amatha kudsorbetsa zinthu zamitundu.
The thupi ndi mankhwala katundu wa bentonite makamaka zimadalira mtundu ndi zili montmorillonite lili. Kawirikawiri, bentonite yokhala ndi sodium imakhala ndi thupi labwino kwambiri komanso mankhwala komanso luso lamakono kuposa bentonite yochokera ku calcium kapena magnesium.
2. Kupitirizabe Kuyeza kwa Bentonite Slurry
TheLonnmetermotsatanabentonitesluwuykachulukidwemitandi intanetizamkati kachulukidwe mitanthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale. Kuchuluka kwa slurry kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwa slurry ndi kulemera kwa voliyumu yodziwika ya madzi. Kukula kwa slurry kachulukidwe komwe kamayezedwa pamalopo kumadalira kulemera kwathunthu kwa slurry ndi kubowola cuttings mu slurry. Kulemera kwa zosakaniza ziyenera kuphatikizidwanso ngati zilipo.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito Slurry pansi pa Zosiyanasiyana za Geological Conditions
Ndikovuta kubowola bowo mu sander, miyala, timiyala ndi magawo osweka azinthu zazing'ono zomangirira pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Chinsinsi cha vutoli chagona pakuwonjezera mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndipo kumatenga slurry ngati chotchinga chotchinga pamagawo otere.
3.1 Zotsatira za Slurry Density pa Kuthamanga Kubowola
Kuthamanga kwa kubowola kumachepa ndi kuchuluka kwa slurry. Liwiro pobowola amachepetsa kwambiri, makamaka pamene slurry kachulukidwe ndi wamkulu kuposa 1.06-1.10 g/cm.3. The apamwamba mamasukidwe akayendedwe a slurry ndi, m'munsi pobowola liwiro.
3.2 Zotsatira za Mchenga mu Slurry pobowola
Zomwe zili mumatope a miyala mu slurry zimabweretsa zoopsa pakubowola, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabowo asatsukidwe bwino ndikutsekeka. Kuphatikiza apo, zimatha kuyambitsa kuyamwa ndi kupanikizika, zomwe zimapangitsa kutayikira kapena kugwa bwino. Mchengawo ndi wochuluka ndipo matope a m’dzenjewo ndi okhuthara. Zimapangitsa kuti khoma la dzenje ligwe chifukwa cha hydration, ndipo ndizosavuta kupangitsa khungu la slurry kugwa ndikuyambitsa ngozi mu dzenje. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, matope akuluakulu amachititsa kuti mapaipi awonongeke kwambiri, zobowola, manja a silinda amadzi, ndi ndodo za pistoni, ndipo moyo wawo wautumiki ndi waufupi. Chifukwa chake, potengera kutsimikiza kwa kukakamiza kwa mapangidwe, kuchuluka kwa slurry ndi mchenga ziyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere.
3.3 Kuchulukana kwa Slurry mu Dothi Lofewa
M'nthaka yofewa, ngati kachulukidwe ka slurry ndi wotsika kwambiri kapena liwiro la kubowola lili lothamanga kwambiri, zimabweretsa kugwa kwa dzenje. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino kusunga kachulukidwe ka slurry pa 1.25g/cm3m'nthaka iyi.
4. Common Slurry Formulas
Pali mitundu yambiri ya slurry mu engineering, koma imatha kugawidwa m'magulu otsatirawa malinga ndi kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala. Njira yofananira ndi iyi:
4.1 Na-Cmc (Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose) Slurry
Dothi lotereli ndiye slurry wodziwika bwino wa viscosity-enhanced, ndipo Na-CMC imathandizira kukulitsa kukhuthala komanso kuchepetsa kutaya madzi. Njirayi ndi: 150-200g ya dongo lapamwamba kwambiri, 1000ml yamadzi, 5-10Kg ya soda phulusa, ndi pafupifupi 6kg ya Na-CMC. slurry katundu ndi: kachulukidwe 1.07-1.1 g/cm3, mamasukidwe akayendedwe 25-35s, kutaya madzi zosakwana 12ml/30min, pH mtengo pafupifupi 9.5.
4.2 Iron Chromium Salt-Na-Cmc Slurry
Dothi lotereli limakhala ndi kukhathamiritsa kwamphamvu komanso kukhazikika, ndipo mchere wa iron chromium umathandizira kupewa kuyandama (kusungunuka). Njirayi ndi: dongo la 200g, madzi 1000ml, pafupifupi 20% yowonjezera ya alkali solution pa 50% ndende, 0.5% yowonjezera mchere wa ferrochromium pa 20% ndende, ndi 0.1% Na-CMC. The slurry katundu ndi: kachulukidwe 1.10 g/cm3, viscosity 25s, kutaya madzi 12ml/30min, pH 9.
4.3 Lignin sulfonate Slurry
Lignin sulfonate amachokera ku sulfite zamkati zinyalala zamadzimadzi ndipo nthawi zambiri ntchito osakaniza malasha alkali wothandizila kuthetsa odana flocculation ndi kutaya madzi slurry pamaziko a kukhuthala kumawonjezeka. The chilinganizo ndi 100-200kg dongo, 30-40kg sulfite zamkati zinyalala zamadzimadzi, 10-20kg malasha alkali wothandizira, 5-10kg NaOH, 5-10kg defoamer, ndi 900-1000L madzi 1m3 slurry. The slurry katundu ndi: kachulukidwe 1.06-1.20 g/cm3, funnel mamasukidwe akayendedwe 18-40s, kutaya madzi 5-10ml/30min, ndi 0.1-0.3kg Na-CMC akhoza kuwonjezeredwa pobowola kuti muchepetse kutaya madzi.
4.4 Humic Acid Slurry
Humic acid slurry amagwiritsa ntchito malasha alkali wothandizira kapena sodium humate ngati stabilizer. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi othandizira ena monga Na-CMC. Njira yopangira humic acid slurry ndikuwonjezera 150-200kg coal alkali agent (kulemera kowuma), 3-5kg Na2CO3, ndi 900-1000L madzi ku 1m3 ya slurry. slurry katundu: kachulukidwe 1.03-1.20 g/cm3, kutaya madzi 4-10ml/30min, pH 9.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-12-2025
